Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 553

会议视频 21

会议信息 1

年份

2023 40

2022 67

2021 59

2020 37

2019 39

2018 35

2017 26

2016 23

2015 27

2014 46

2013 25

2012 10

2011 20

2010 25

2009 22

2008 15

2007 19

2006 4

2005 5

2004 5

展开︾

关键词

医学 6

治疗 4

事故预防 3

反渗透 3

2021全球十大工程成就 2

2022全球工程前沿 2

SARS 2

SARS-CoV-2 2

人工智能 2

公共卫生 2

剖宫产瘢痕妊娠 2

印染废水 2

吸附 2

地震 2

废水 2

慢性病防控 2

抗击疫情 2

绿色化工 2

重金属 2

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 135-144 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0331-5

摘要：

Chronic hepatitis B is a major health problem in China. The universal vaccination program since 1992 has changed the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in China from highly to moderately endemic. The most prevalent hepatitis B virus strains in China are genotypes B and C, whereas those in western provinces are genotypes D and C/D hybrid. Chronic hepatitis B poses a heavy burden to the society in China. Different treatment strategies have been explored to improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. However, antiviral drugs with a low genetic barrier to resistance are still extensively used because of the generally low income and limited resources in China. Individualized antiviral therapy is closely associated with translational medicine, which utilizes information from studies on genomics, immune biomarkers, and fibrosis. The results of these studies are crucial in further improving treatment outcomes.

关键词： chronic hepatitis B epidemiology prevention treatment

HTML PDF 收藏

Construction of the vessel-collateral theory and its guidance for prevention and treatment of vasculopathy

Yiling Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 118-122 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0140-z

摘要： According to the self-discipline of traditional Chinese medicine, vessel-collateral theory was constructed systematically, which was important to improving prevention and treatment level of vasculopathy. The hypothesis of “homeostasis ( ), compensatory auto-adaptation ( ), regulation ( ) and equilibrium ( )” based on the “qi–yin-yang–five elements” coupled with the (nutrients)- (defense) theory, has become the core content of the vessel-collateral theory. Clinical and laboratory trials have been developed to further confirm the scientific connotations of the hypothesis, such as capsule, as the representative drugs of vessel collateral theory, showed good efficacy in protecting the vascular endothelium, stabilizing the vulnerable plaque and reducing the blood vessel spasm. “Sou, ti, shu, tong” was the characteristics of capsule in treating “microvascular damage” as the core mechanism of acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and microvascular complications of diabetes. capsules in the treatment of arrhythmia have made integrated adjustment advantage. capsules have been made treating both manifestation and root cause of chronic heart failure. These research have improved prevention and treatment level of major vascular system diseases.

关键词： vessel-collateral theory vasculopathy prevention and treatment

HTML PDF 收藏

Developments in cancer prevention and treatment using traditional Chinese medicine

Hongsheng Lin, Jie Liu, Ying Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 127-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0137-7

摘要： Through the joint efforts of several generations of practitioners in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and integrated medicine of oncology, we have made some achievements in cancer treatment using TCM in over 50 years, including treatment concepts, methods, and basic and clinical research. Currently, TCM plays an indispensable role in cancer prevention and treatment. However, we also clearly recognize that there are some issues that have yet to be resolved. In the future, cancer treated with TCM will face unprecedented opportunities and challenges. This article reviews the developments of TCM in the treatment of cancer.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cancer

HTML PDF 收藏

Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1040-8

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the severe form of the disease. For COVID-19 patients with severe and critical illnesses, TCM can improve inflammatory indicators and blood oxygen saturation, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the mortality rate. During recovery, TCM can improve patients’ symptoms, promote organ function recovery, boost the quality of patients’ life, and reduce the nucleic-acid repositive conversion rate. A series of mechanism research studies revealed that capability of TCM to treat COVID-19 through antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, immune regulation, and protection of organ function via a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway approach.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 clinical evidence-based study mechanism integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine

HTML PDF 收藏

规模化畜禽养殖场污染防治技术研究

卞有生,金冬霞

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第3期页码 53-57

摘要：

规模化畜禽养殖场污染防治是当前我国农业环境污染整治的重点，也是解决农业面源污染的关键。在深入调查研究的基础上，结合国内外成功的经验，研究并提出农村规模化畜禽养殖场污染的防治技术，包括养殖场固体粪污处理及资源化利用技术，养殖场污水处理及综合利用技术和畜禽养殖场的除臭技术。对常用技术如厌氧—好氧联合处理，生态工程处理技术均做了介绍和评价。

关键词：养殖场污染防治固体粪污处理养殖场污水处理除臭技术

HTML PDF 收藏

Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment

Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam, Seyed Ali Momeni

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 11-32 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0731-7

摘要： The huge communities of microorganisms that symbiotically colonize humans are recognized as significant players in health and disease. The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer development. To date, several studies have focused on the effect of prostate infections as well as the composition of the human microbiome in relation to prostate cancer risk. Current studies suggest that the microbiota of men with prostate cancer significantly differs from that of healthy men, demonstrating that certain bacteria could be associated with cancer development as well as altered responses to treatment. In healthy individuals, the microbiome plays a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body metabolism. Dysbiosis may contribute to the emergence of health problems, including malignancy through affecting systemic immune responses and creating systemic inflammation, and changing serum hormone levels. In this review, we discuss recent data about how the microbes colonizing different parts of the human body including urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, and skin might affect the risk of developing prostate cancer. Furthermore, we discuss strategies to target the microbiome for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of prostate cancer.

关键词： microbiome prostate cancer prevention treatment molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) biomarker

HTML PDF 收藏

珠江三角洲流域环境污染联合防治机制研究

张英民,李开明,刘爱萍

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 71-74

摘要：

针对珠江三角洲流域河网众多，城际间联系密切，环境污染呈区域性分布的特征，提出珠江三角洲流域污染联合防治机制。对于流域环境污染防治积极推行环境污染防治联合规划、推进环境污染防治联合整治、强化流域环境污染监督管理的联合执法力度，使珠江三角洲地区的环境污染状况得到有效扼制。

关键词：珠江三角洲流域环境污染联合防治机制

HTML PDF 收藏

宜万铁路复杂岩溶隧道水害综合防治技术

马栋

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第8期页码 94-98

摘要：

以宜万铁路8座I级复杂岩溶高风险隧道之一的大支坪隧道为背景，通过施工方案、防风险措施的不断研究与实践，总结出了复杂岩溶隧道规避风险、安全施工、防水害、结构安全的较成功的应对措施。

关键词：宜万铁路复杂岩溶隧道水害防治技术

HTML PDF 收藏

Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 251-261 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3

摘要： Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most common and critical complication after pancreatic body and tail resection. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and conduct timely treatment thereafter is an urgent clinical issue to be solved. Recent research standardized the definition of pancreatic fistula and stressed the correlation between POPF classification and patient prognosis. According to the literature, identification of the risk factors for pancreatic fistula contributed to lowering the rate of the complication. Appropriate management of the pancreatic stump and perioperative treatment are of great significance to reduce the rate of POPF in clinical practice. After the occurrence of POPF, the treatment of choice should be determined according to the classification of the pancreatic fistula. However, despite the progress and promising treatment approaches, POPF remains to be a clinical issue that warrants further studies in the future.

关键词： pancreatic fistula pancreatic body and tail resection distal pancreatectomy

HTML PDF 收藏

我国突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系建设研究

王卓然,李明穗,蒋慧莉,杨俊涛,杨维中,刘德培

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第5期页码 18-23 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.003

摘要：

突发公共卫生事件严重危害人民生命健康，对国家安全、社会稳定和经济发展造成严重后果。本文在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情应急背景下，从监测预警和评价、诊断与治疗、基础科学研究、人才教育培训、物质设备产业支撑和社会动员与协调行动六大体系分析我国突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系建设现状，指出强化体系建设是我国新发展阶段的现实需求。根据我国公共卫生体系建设在机构定位和能力建设、投入和支撑硬件、管理体系等方面存在的不足，提出建立国家统筹协调和应急指挥机制体系，强化临床、科技、教育、产业支撑能力及进一步推进国际合作等下一阶段加强我国突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系建设的建议。

关键词：突发公共卫生事件，防控体系，防治合一，检测预警，产业支撑

HTML PDF 收藏

Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development

Long-de Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 2-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015002

摘要： Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a major threat to humanity. International studies have shown that of 57 million deaths worldwide in 2008, 36 million (63%) were caused by chronic non-communicable diseases; of these, 29 million (80%) occurred in low and middle income countries. The WHO predicts that if the current trend continues, the annual number of deaths due to chronic non-communicable diseases will increase to 55 million by 2030. Due to acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, along with population aging and rapid changes of people’s lifestyle, the morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases are rapidly increasing in China. Therefore, dealing with the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases has become one of the current major health issues for China to address. On the basis of summarizing the status of major chronic diseases in China, analyzing the key issues and key factors in chronic disease prevention and control, and reviewing and summarizing the experience from the previous projects, this paper proposes the following recommendations as strategies for chronic disease prevention and control and development of relevant system, which China should adopt. All relevant government departments should formulate corresponding policies; establish a coordinated and efficient work system with rational structure and clear division of tasks and responsibilities within the system. Implementation and development of “integrated medicine” in system is necessary. Work norms and requirements will then improve the performance and efficiency in chronic disease prevention and control in China.

关键词： chronic disease prevention and control strategy and system construction

HTML PDF 收藏

Stroke prevention: an update

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 22-34 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0178-6

摘要：

Stroke is a personal, familial, and social disaster. It is the third cause of death worldwide, the first cause of acquired disability, the second cause of dementia, and its cost is astronomic. The burden of stroke is likely to increase given the aging of the population and the growing incidence of many vascular risk factors. Prevention of stroke includes—as for all other diseases—a “mass approach” aiming at decreasing the risk at the society level and an individual approach, aiming at reducing the risk in a given subject. The mass approach is primarily based on the identification and treatment of vascular risk factors and, if possible, in the implementation of protective factors. These measures are the basis of primary prevention but most of them have now been shown to be also effective in secondary prevention. The individual approach combines a vascular risk factor modification and various treatments addressing the specific subtypes of stroke, such as antiplatelet drugs for the prevention of cerebral infarction in large and small artery diseases of the brain, carotid endarterectomy or stenting for tight carotid artery stenosis, and oral anticoagulants for the prevention of cardiac emboli. There is a growing awareness of the huge evidence-to-practice gap that exists in stroke prevention largely due to socio-economic factors. Recent approaches include low cost intervention packages to reduce blood pressure and cheap “polypills” combining in a single tablet aspirin and several drugs to lower blood pressure and cholesterol. Polypill intake should however not lead to abandon the healthy life-style measures which remain the mainstay of stroke prevention.

关键词： stroke prevention vascular risk factors cerebral infarction cerebral hemorrhage anti-thrombotic drugs carotid endarterectomy

HTML PDF 收藏

Health: a dream from reality to the future

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 233-235 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0444-0

摘要：

This paper argues that health is a realistic productive force that may enhance the index of happiness. As the basis of all developments and the source of a person’s and his/her family’s happiness, health requires not only primary and secondary prevention, but also policy prevention, that is to say, grade-zero prevention. Therefore, people should pay more attention to Health in All Policies. As a new preventive strategy, the policy prevention will help improve people’s health significantly and promote the concepts of “Healthy China” and “the Chinese Dream” or “the World Dream” to realize a dream from reality to the future.

关键词： health promotion primary and secondary prevention policy prevention infectious disease non-communicable disease

HTML PDF 收藏

Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features

Cenyi Shao, Shijian Li, Feng Zhu, Dahai Zhao, Hui Shao, Haixiao Chen, Zhiruo Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 506-510 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0811-8

摘要： The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world. As of May 30, 2020, a total of 84 568 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been recorded in China, with a mortality rate of approximately 5.5%. Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. A total of 146 cases were diagnosed in this epidemic, with a fatality rate of 0%. This condition is due to the establishment of an “Internet+” diagnosis and treatment model based on online medical application (APP), telemedicine, WeChat service, and consultation hotline in Taizhou. Taizhou led in opening the “COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Special Line” in China, which is conducive to pre-hospital screening, suppressing social panic, and clinical support. Hospitals also carried out related online lectures and popularization of science. We summarize Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features, with a view to providing reference for the control of the epidemic at home and abroad.

关键词： COVID-19 telemedicine prevention experience

HTML PDF 收藏

Disaster prevention and reduction in Anthropocene

Sha Chen,Bo Tao,Wei Ren

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0882-6

摘要： Natural disasters cause considerable property damage and loss of life as well as destruction of ecosystem and natural resources. In the context of global change, extreme events are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity. To prevent natural disasters and mitigate the loss, we need to act quickly and effectively. It would be conducive to achieve sustainable economic development, reduce disaster vulnerabilities and risks, and build resilience through implementing effective measures of disaster prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.

关键词： natural disasters global change Sendai Framework